Import & Export

Import & Export

Landed cost: why the supplier price is the smallest part of what you pay

Importers who price from the invoice value alone lose money on every shipment. Landed cost is the number that matters, and it is built from six components most

19/08/2026 5 min read

Import & Export

Tariff classification: how a code decides your duty, and why arguing later rarely works

Every imported item is assigned a code, and that code determines the rate you pay. The system is more rule-bound than most importers realise, and getting it wro

19/08/2026 5 min read

Import & Export

Rules of origin: why "made in" is a legal test rather than a label

Preferential access under a trade agreement depends on where goods legally originate, and that is decided by rules most exporters have never read. Failing them

19/08/2026 4 min read

Import & Export

Incoterms: the three-letter codes that decide who pays and who carries the risk

A single abbreviation in a sales contract allocates transport cost, insurance responsibility and the moment risk passes. Choosing it carelessly is how disputes

19/08/2026 5 min read

Import & Export

Export documents: what each piece of paper is actually for

The export document set looks like bureaucracy until you see what each item does. Most delays come from one document being inconsistent with another rather than

19/08/2026 5 min read